Respond To 4 Peers – Explicitpapers

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Be sure to respond to your peers thoughtfully, add value to the discussion, and draw upon your insights to further the discussion.

1-Kevin Folsom Traxler

May 30, 2023 at 9:58 AM

Last week I chose one specific foodborne pathogen and made a pie chart showing the percentages of foods that caused the greatest outbreaks of Salmonella in The United States. Working in the ER we are never aware of what actually causes patients to come in with gastrointestinal complaints, so I decided to dive a little deeper into how those are diagnosed.

salmonella outbreaks .png Initial post

image.png (Food Net fast | CDC – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention 2023)

This bar graph represents all of The Center for Disease Control’s (CDC) 700 laboratories across the United States and what percentage of them test for specific pathogens.

image.png(List of multistate food borne outbreak notices 2023)

This line graph shows the CDC named outbreaks of these specific foodborne illnesses since 2019 in the united states. It shows that Salmonella is the leading contributor to foodborne illness since 2019, although it seems that we have been controlling these illnesses since the start of the graph.

CDC. (2023, February 8). Food Net fast | CDC – Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. Food Net Fast. https://wwwn.cdc.gov/FoodNetFast/LabSurvey

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. (2023, May 23). List of multistate food borne outbreak notices. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://www.cdc.gov/foodsafety/outbreaks/lists/outbreaks-list.html

2-Brittany Vanderpool

Last week, I chose Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD). Over recent years more attention and resources have become available to those in need. In my graph, I included the prevalence of ASD in the United States. ADDM stands for Autism and Developmental Disabilities Monitoring Network. As you can see, there is an increase from about 6.7 to 27.6%. It is important to note that the samples taken from every state did not include the entire state, just a sample population from each state. The information includes the prevalence per 1000 children. According to the CDC (2020), data is collected in different ways and from various geographical locations and due to this, data will vary.

initial chart week 3.png

More resources and diagnostic testing is being offered more frequently, and I believe we will continue to see these numbers rise as time goes on. I hope more individuals will be provided more assistance and support for themselves and their families.

The second graph I chose to present is based on the prevalence per 1000 children by race and ethnicity and the children were 8 years of age. For the first time in 2020, the majority of Black, Hispanics, and Asian/Pacific Islanders were higher than Whites. This data most likely represents increased awareness, improved screening, and better access to services among historically underserved groups (CDC, 2023). This information represents samples from select states and does not include the whole state. It will be interesting to see how these numbers change in the future. There is an increase in diversity, and over time I am curious how the outcomes.

line graph for prevalence.jpg

The third chart I created displays the prevalence of 1000 children tested. The pie chart shows the difference between those diagnosed with ASD according to sex. For every girl diagnosed, 3.8 boys are diagnosed with ASD. There is no explanation to date why boys are being diagnosed at a higher rate. Something to consider is that boys have different signs and symptoms than girls. This can contribute to differences in how ASD is reported, identified, and diagnosed (CDC, 2023). Overall 27.6% were diagnosed with ASD. Boys accounted for 43% and Girls accounted for 11.4%. Since 2000, all data collected has shown boys to be diagnosed much more often than girls. The CDC does note that data for transgender and gender non-binary children were not reported at that time.

Pie chart for boys and girls.jpg

I believe that the screening tools and resources available will make an even bigger impact on those diagnosed with ASD and their families.

Center for Disease Control and Prevention (2020). Reported Prevalence Has Changed Over Time, 2020. http://www.cdc.gov/ncbdd/autism/data/index.html

3-Katelyn Bush

May 29, 2023 at 10:11 PM

I chose the topic of cancer, and last week I posted about the Top 10 Cancers by Rates of New Cancer Cases of 2019 and the Top 10 Cancers by Rates of Cancer Deaths of 2019. I see patients with either a history of cancer or are currently being treated. It is very important to have statistical research to develop treatments and prevention and diagnoses.

top 10 cancer deaths-1.jpegtop 10 cancer diagnoses-1.jpeg

These charts were collected in 2019 and included all races and ethnicities, and both male and female genders. The rates are the number of cases or deaths, per 100,000 people. “One of every five deaths in the United States is due to cancer”. (CDC,2022). In these charts according to the CDC, female breast cancer is the top rated new cancer case and also in the top 10 type of cancer deaths with 42,280. Leukemia is the lowest rated new case of cancer and in the middle type of cancer deaths with over 23,337 recorded deaths. Lung and Bronchus cancer is the leading cancer death with a case count of 139,601. This cancer is also the 3rd top rated new cancer case in 2019. Seeing those numbers can be concerning, but It is valuable information. Being able to see a trend and connect the graphical data can help expand our knowledge and allows us to gather the right information we need to create things like treatments and prevention of diseases.

This week I chose the Annual rates and numbers of Cancer Deaths from 1999-2019. “The rates of cancer diagnoses and cancer deaths are impacted by changes in exposure to risk factors, screening test use, and improvements in treatment”. (CDC,2022).

Annual number of cancer deaths .jpg Line Chart of Annual rates of cancer death.jpg

Comparing this chart we can see that the annual number of cancer deaths from 1999 to 2019 has increased, from a 549,829 death count to a 599,589 count. While the annual rates of cancer deaths decreased, with the age-adjusted rate in 1999 being 200.7 to 2019 being 146. “This happens because of the size of our population is growing and aging each year”. (CDC,2022). On the CDC website, there is also a very interesting chart of the states with the annual changes of cancer deaths as well! With the help of statistical data like these, we can help with scientific research for cancer and raise awareness about prevention and early detection.

Reference:

CDC. (2022). USCS data visualizations – CDC. Centers for Disease Control and Prevention. https://gis.cdc.gov/Cancer/USCS/#/Trends/

4-Maria Pena

I chose breastfeeding as my topic for this presentation. Working in labor and delivery it is a topic I’m very interested in. The methodology used to collect the below data was by using random-digit dialing to survey all respondents with children between the ages of 19-35 months (CDC, 2023). This information was collected by the National Immunization Survey (NIS) using landlines and cellular telephone sampling (CDC, 2023). In the data collected, exclusive breastfeeding was defined as only breast milk only and any breastfeeding is defined as a combination of solids, water and other liquids (CDC, 2023). On the Exclusive Breastfeeding line graph that was provided by CDC, they used blue color to represent exclusively breastfed babies through the age of 3 months and the orange color represents the babies that were exclusively breastfed through the age of 6 months, I used these same colors in my bar graph and line graph to help see the difference. The first pie graph represents the percentage of babies in the U.S. ever breastfed by year of birth. According to the data between the years 2012-2019 80%-84.1% of these babies were exclusively breastfed, which is pretty high (CDC, 2023). On the second illustration, I am using a bar graph that shows how many of these babies were exclusively breastfed through the age of 3 months by year of birth. This bar graph shows a range between 43.3%-46.9% from babies born from the years 2012-2019 (CDC, 2023). On the final illustration I am using a line graph to show how many of these babies were exclusively breastfed through the age of 6 months by year of birth between the years 2012-2019. This graph shows a range between 21.9%-25.8%, which demonstrates a decrease in rates compared to the bar graph that shows babies that were breastfed though 3 months (CDC, 2023). Overall I found this data very helpful. I will be educating my patients further to help promote exclusive breastfeeding. According to Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (CDC, 2023), breastfed infants have lower risks of obesity, asthma, type 1 diabetes, ear infections, severe lower respiratory disease, SIDS, GI infections, and necrotizing enterocolitis in preterm babies (NEC).

CDC, 2023CDC, 2023

Reference:

Centers for Disease Control and Prevention (2023). Results: Breastfeeding Rates. National Immunization Survey (NIS)

https://www.cdc.gov/breastfeeding/data/nis_data/results.html